Perm for long hair. Photo how to make large, long-lasting curls

Perm - a way to keep elastic curls for 6-12 months. Modern styling technologies allow you to change the structure of even long and dense hair. A variety of tools allows you to create any curl shape. Inspiration can be found in the photos in the stylists' portfolio.

Features of perm for long hair

Hair has a complex structure - you can verify this by looking at their photo under a microscope. Straight, wavy and curly hair have different structure. It is possible to change it for a long time only with the help of a combination of thermal and chemical effects: curling or keratin straightening.

All perm techniques have a common operating principle. The used composition makes the hair more pliable, changing its structure.

In this state, the strands are given a new shape with the help of bobbins or other accessories. The last step is the application of the fixing agent. The effect lasts for 3-12 months. Gradually, the composition is washed out from the hair cuticle - the curls become less elastic.

Pros and cons

The most obvious disadvantage of perm is hair damage. This even applies to the new generation of styling products. The hair shaft is multi-layered. To change the structure of the hair, the chemical solution must get inside. The scales open, and the space between them is filled with the agent. The result is thinner and frizzy hair.

However, the "chemistry" made by an experienced master is much less harmful than the daily styling and bouffant. Curling irons and styling products dry out and damage hair more than a single treatment.

Other benefits of long-term chemical styling:

• fast styling;
• the shape of the curls does not deform for several months;
• the procedure is suitable for both short and very long hair;

Curls persist even with high humidity.

Curling types

All perm solutions can be divided into three categories: acidic, alkaline and neutral. Amino acid compositions and biowave are distinguished separately. Other names that can be found in advertising are styling techniques. It depends on the method of heat treatment and the tools used.

The most common perm techniques are:

• basal;
• American;
• "Afro";
• carving;
• vertical.

The master selects the technique based on the photo of the desired result and the condition of the client's hair.

Wrapping methods

Perm for long hair (a photo of the desired result can be found in advance before going to the salon) is carried out according to an individual scheme. The method of placing, wrapping and fixing bobbins is selected for each client.

Wrapping methods:

• Vertical - from roots to tips. The row of bobbins is horizontal.
• Horizontal - bobbins are placed in vertical rows in a horizontal position. The ends of the strands are held in place with paper clips.
• Spiral - on spiral threaded sticks.
• Annular - on sticks with a flexible base, twisted into rings or half rings.
• Rectangular - bobbins are placed in blocks (crown, temporal and occipital zone).

Most often, the horizontal method of wrapping is used.

Perm products. Best products, overview and prices

Perm can also be done at home. All tools and products are sold in professional hairdressing cosmetics stores. The easiest way to find sets is from the Russian brand Estel.

The product range includes three lines for perm:

Mid-range products:

• Schwarzkopf Glamor Wave (1200 rub.) - permanent and retainer for three types of hair. It contains silk proteins and aloe extract.
• Kaaral On Line Permanent Wave (1700 rub.) - permanent and fixative for damaged hair. It contains silk proteins and adapted collagen.
• Wella Curl It (1300 rub.) - permanent, fixative and nourishing post-care. A gentle formula for frizzy hair.

High:

• Londa Wave (3500 rubles) - permanent, neutralizer and retainer.
• Goldwell System (2900 rubles) - permanent, retainer, regulator for unruly hair.

The compositions differ in the degree of aggressiveness and durability.

Contraindications

There are two types of contraindications: for health reasons and hair condition.

The first category includes:

• pregnancy;
• feeding period;
• treatment with hormonal drugs;
• tendency to allergies;
• chronic asthma.

Conscientious masters will refuse blondes with bleached or bleached hair. It is also not recommended to perm if the hair is dyed with henna, or highlighted by more than half.

How to choose a bobbin size

Perm is carried out after an individual consultation. Having learned the wishes of the client, the master chooses the bobbins of the appropriate size and length. It is recommended to show your favorite hair photo. The end result depends on the shape and diameter of the bobbins.

Most often, craftsmen use classic bobbins of different diameters and shapes. They are plastic or wooden cylinders with grooves. Hair is held in place with clips or elastic bands.

Some types of styling involve the use of spiral bobbins. They have a small diameter and a finished thread for a strand. Small curls are made using knitting needles and hairpins. "Cool" elastic curls are obtained from short bobbins of small diameter. Soft natural curls - with a tool diameter of 2-4 cm.

Preparing hair for curling

Perm for long hair (photos of current styling can be found in many magazines) is carried out after consultation. First, the condition of the hair and scalp is assessed, a suitable remedy is selected and sensitivity to it is diagnosed.

The allergy test is standard: a small amount of solution is applied to the area of ​​the skin behind the ear. If no allergic reaction occurs after 10-20 minutes (itching, redness, rash, burning sensation, suffocation), the product can be used.

Preparation for the procedure itself is carried out as follows:

1. The hair is washed with shampoo, without using conditioners, masks and leave-in products.
2. Slightly dry the curls with a hairdryer until they are damp.

Hair should be as close to its natural state as possible. With frequent use of styling products and cosmetics with silicones, deep cleaning shampoo is used.

How is the procedure going. Step by step instructions

The process is almost the same for all types of curling.

Hair treatment and styling procedure step by step:

1. Washing and drying.
2. Wrapping wet hair on bobbins.
3. Application of an emollient composition for 30-50 minutes. Put on a plastic cap on top to enhance the thermal effect, or warm it up with a hairdryer.
4. After a lapse of time, a fixative is applied over the first composition for 10-20 minutes.
5. The strands are untwisted in the direction of the curl.
6. The formulations are washed off with water.
7. Hair is blow-dried in cold air mode.

The exact holding time is indicated in the instructions for the product. Some kits provide for the use of an additional starting or finishing aid.

Acid chemistry

The most common and effective formulation. PH level: 6.9-7.2. The main advantage is the ability to curl even dense straight Asian hair. The effect lasts for 7-12 months. Minus - an aggressive effect on the hair structure. Not suitable for girls with damaged or dry hair and sensitive skin.

Alkaline chemistry

Its pH level is 8-9.5. It is characterized by the delicate effect of the composition. Suitable for creating soft curls. The curl lasts 3-6 months. The procedure takes less time than a perm with acidic products. The procedure does not use traumatic heat treatment, but the formulations contain ammonia.

Neutral perm

The pH of the products is 7.4. Due to the degree of acidity, the hair is almost not damaged. A neutral perm for natural, soft curls. However, the composition is washed out after 5-6 months.
Chemical biowave

This is one of the "youngest" types of permanent styling. Biowave is considered the most gentle and safe. Protein-enriched products contain no ammonia or thioglycolic acid. The effect lasts 4-6 months.

Chemistry with thioglycolic acid

The technology differs from classical acid chemistry by the exposure time. The fixation phase takes longer. The cuticle opens gradually, the hair is much less injured. Thioglycolic acid products are suitable for colored and weak hair. Minus - the effect lasts about 2 months.

Spiral, vertical and fine chemistry

Perm for long hair (photos of the results can be found in the portfolio of masters) in this option has a feature - the use of small tools (knitting needles or curlers). The result is small, highly curled curls with a diameter of 0.7-1.5 cm. Using the technique, you can create an "afro" effect. The procedure is performed on hair longer than the shoulders.

The vertical curl is suitable for very long hair - below the waist. In this technology, the bobbins are placed vertically, the strands are wound in a spiral. This method of curling takes longer than traditional chemistry and is more expensive. As a result of the procedure, elastic, strongly curled curls are obtained.

Wet chemistry

"Wet" effect - a lot of small wavy structured strands. Most often, wet chemistry is done using spirals. Special attention is paid to the root zone to create volume. A relatively high degree of hair damage. The effect lasts up to six months. Not suitable for dense, straight hair.
Temporary light chemistry - carving

Technically, carving is not a perm, but a styling - the composition does not change the structure of the hair. Products for the treatment are acid-free and are often enriched with emollient and regenerating ingredients.

Carving is often confused with biowave. Biowave does not break the bonds in the hair shaft, but, on the contrary, tightens it due to its nutritional composition. Carving, like classical chemistry, affects the structure of the strands, but harms them several times less, since it acts superficially. The effect lasts 1.5-3 months.

How long does the effect last

Perm retention depends on two factors: the natural hair structure and the styling technique. On absolutely straight hair, permanent chemistry will last for 3-9 months. On wavy or curly curls - up to a year.Gentle styling (for example, carving or amino acid perm) - several weeks.

Effects and hair care

It is not recommended to wash your hair after the procedure, as well as to use styling devices and products for two days. Nutritional care products cannot be used for another two days.

Even the most gentle complexes affect the hair structure - they become more porous, "loose" and brittle. After the procedure, specific care is required. He must restore and protect the hair, but not weigh it down - this will break the curl.

The first stage of care: cleansing. The master should recommend a special permanent styling shampoo. After most hair treatments, shampoos without SLS should be used. Sulfates are active cleaning agents. They quickly remove not only sebum, dust and styling products. Also, care components and paint are washed out from the cuticle.

When perming, the emphasis should not be on nutrition, but on hydration. 1-2 times a week - hair mask. They can be applied 3-4 washes after the procedure.

In the composition you need to look for:

• hydrolyzed keratin;
• collagen marine;
• allantoin;
• proteins;
• d-panthenol;
• glycerol;
• aloe or cactus extract.

The mask is applied to clean, damp hair for 15-30 minutes. On other days, a hair balm is sufficient.

Next step: leave-in products. These include sprays, creams, oils. Moisturizing sprays are used before brushing or as needed. Creams moisturize and soften hair, apply to damp hair before drying and styling.

The oils are applied to almost dry or dry hair. They must contain silicones that seal the split ends and protect the hair from external influences.

Styling tips after chemistry

Perming for long hair (photos of fashionable hairstyles can be found on the Internet) requires almost no styling. Washing is carried out in the same way as without permanent curling.

It is recommended to dry hair with a hairdryer rather than naturally. The diffuser attachment will help create bouncy curls. When drying, the head should be tilted down or to one side. For more structured curls, you can use styling products: gels or foams.

How to straighten hair after chemotherapy?

Hair after permanent styling can be easily straightened with an iron - the effect will last until the next wash. If the result is disappointing, or the curls are bored, you can remove the perm with the help of professional cosmetics. You can purchase them yourself, or contact a beauty salon for help.

The process is similar to curling. The composition is applied to clean hair, then they are pulled out with an iron or hairdryer and a brush and treated with a fixative solution. After washing, the hair becomes completely straight.

Like curling, straightening traumatizes and dries hair. It does not "wash out" the chemistry. This is a type of long-term styling and naturally wavy hair will not regain its appearance until the composition is completely washed out.

A longer, but safer way to straighten the "chemistry" is to use agents that wash out the composition. For example, sulphate shampoo, oily nourishing masks or natural oils. The curling effect will disappear after 2-4 months.

The cost of a perm in the salon

Several factors affect the cost of the procedure:

• hair length, density and condition;
• chemical laying technique;
• the brand of the composition used;
• the experience of the master and the status of the salon.

On average, in the regions, the cost of the procedure in rubles is:

Shoulder-length hair is considered to be short. The average length is approximately at the level of the shoulder blades. Long ones - below the waist. In large cities, the price can be 2-3 times higher.

Perm is suitable for girls with long and short hair.After evaluating the desired result in the photo, an experienced master will quickly select the appropriate composition, the shape of the bobbins and the technique for wrapping them. If the procedure was performed well, the damage to the hair will be minimal.

Long hair perm video

The classic perm method: